The Return of the Black Technology of Immortal World

When antimatter cannot be obtained on a large scale, it becomes crucial to find a new energy source for interstellar travel.

Although nuclear fusion can support the burning of an entire star for billions of years, this is based on the fact that the star occupies more than 99% of the mass of the entire galaxy.

In this universe, except for star systems, the larger space is endless void.

There may be some wandering planets or asteroids in the void, but most of them will be areas that are sparser than ordinary vacuum matter.

Therefore, not only is the energy density of the nuclear fusion engine insufficient, but the replenishment of nuclear raw materials for future interstellar travel is also a huge problem.

Although this is not a big problem for Yang Qing, because he can refine storage equipment.

Different from ordinary silk-woven storage bags or disposable storage runes, whether it is deuterium or helium-3, they are both in a gaseous state, not only have a small mass, but also occupy a larger space.

Everyone at Blue Star knows that hydrogen energy vehicles are the most environmentally friendly, but their promotion has not had much effect because hydrogen is difficult to store.

Therefore, ordinary storage devices, even with hundreds of cubic meters of space, are of little use.

However, using certain high-end alloys, it is possible to create storage equipment with a capacity exceeding hundreds of thousands of cubic meters and capable of withstanding huge pressure, which can be regarded as a solution to the storage problem of nuclear raw materials.

Therefore, the only flaw in Yang Qing's use of the fusion engine is that its power has an upper limit and it is difficult to reach more than 30% of the speed of light, even if a gravitational thruster is used.

Not to mention that if you want to achieve interstellar travel, you also need to master basic technologies such as curvature flight or space jumping. Their instantaneous power consumption is an extreme that ordinary fusion engines cannot provide.

In fact, from this aspect, antimatter is really an ideal energy source in the interstellar era.

Although the antimatter fountain observed by the United States, if occupied, may be able to obtain nearly endless antimatter.

But this universe is very big, but actually it is also very small.

Not to mention the distance of thousands of light years, how long it will take to get there.

Since even the United States, which has just stepped out of the planet, can observe this source of antimatter, there is no reason why other people, alien life forms with higher technology, cannot discover it.

Compared with other energy sources, the efficiency of antimatter is too high. Matter is completely annihilated, and the conversion rate is close to 100%.

The reason why it is not 100% is mainly because when a large amount of antimatter is annihilated, photons will be produced, as well as a large number of neutrinos, gamma rays, etc.

Although high-energy photons and gamma rays can also be used, the efficiency is obviously not as good as the energy that appears directly.

Therefore, the source of antimatter must be guarded by people of a higher civilization.

It's just that the preservation of antimatter is really a problem. It cannot come into contact with any positive matter, otherwise it will be directly annihilated.

Therefore, the usual storage method is to use a high magnetic flux magnetic field to store them in a high vacuum environment.

Moreover, over the years, the antimatter prepared on Blue Star does not exceed a few grams. This includes those produced by Xiao Ai at the Moon Palace Base.

The most important thing is that Xiao Ai discovered that even if the rune technology from ancient times is used to create antimatter, although the efficiency is higher, the consumption is still higher than that of Blue Star technology.

This makes the potential of antimatter as an energy source for interstellar travel even lower.

Within the solar system, it is certainly possible to use solar energy as an energy source for antimatter production, but far away from the star system or in an unfamiliar star system, the production of antimatter is not so convenient.

In fact, seriously speaking, whether it is nuclear fusion engines or antimatter annihilation, they can already be used as the basis for interstellar travel, but there are limits to the places they can reach.

What Yang Qing wants is to be able to do it once and for all. Even if the temporary utilization rate is lower, he can not rely on external material supplies.

In fact, he already has his own goal, which is the legendary dark energy, or chaotic energy.

Dark matter and dark energy are actually hypotheses.

Still when scientists were observing the universe, they discovered the existence of a large number of phenomena that were suspected of violating gravity, which can be well explained assuming the existence of dark matter.

Modern astronomy has well confirmed the existence of dark matter through the movement of celestial bodies, the phenomenon of Newtonian gravity, the gravitational lens effect, the large-scale composition of the universe, and the cosmic microwave background radiation.

Dark energy is related to the accelerating expansion of the universe.

According to the Big Bang theory, it has been more than 10 billion years since the birth of the universe.

So as time goes by, as the first driving force for the birth of the universe, the power of universe expansion has actually been generated in an instant.

And in the future process, this power should gradually weaken.

However, the fact we observe is not the case, because the universe is not slowing down, but is constantly accelerating its expansion.

This can be confirmed through the red shift phenomenon of galaxies in the distant universe.

This also proves that apart from the moment of the Big Bang, there is still some kind of driving force after that, which causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

It can be said that dark matter and dark energy are everywhere, but they do not react with electromagnetic force, so they are almost invisible among humans who mainly observe the world through electromagnetic force.

The current way humans observe dark matter is mainly based on weak interactions, because some dark matter will have weak interactions.

Yang Qing is lucky. He brought back his spiritual consciousness from the ancient world, allowing him to directly observe the existence of dark energy and dark matter without instruments.

In fact, aura is a type of dark energy, but this dark energy is relatively active, more likely to react with living organisms, and can also be utilized under certain conditions, such as runes.

However, the content of spiritual energy is extremely low unless it is under certain circumstances.

Creating spiritual energy is not a troublesome matter for Yang Qing.

But it consumes energy. According to the conservation of energy, the aura produced is always less than the original energy. Its conversion efficiency is almost the same as that of an ordinary steam engine.

It's just that the huge effect of spiritual energy makes this low efficiency not a flaw.

If you are inside a star system, this is actually not a big problem. With the huge fusion reactor like the sun, there is actually no shortage of energy.

However, in the vast interstellar travel, this conversion efficiency becomes a big flaw.

Because the spacecraft uses gravitational thrusters, its energy source is only spiritual energy.

If some suitable energy source can be found from these dark energies, then everything will be solved.

In fact, there is another direction, which is vacuum zero-point energy.

According to the predictions of quantum theory, the vacuum contains huge background energy, which will not disappear even at absolute zero.

Modern scientists believe that vacuum is a system composed of rotating wave packets of positrons and negative electrons. The energy associated with this phenomenon is vacuum zero-point energy.

Dirac described the vacuum state through quantum field theory, believing that the vacuum is an undulating sea of ​​energy.

Through the measurement of the Casimir effect, people confirmed the existence of vacuum zero-point energy for the first time, and it is very close to the theoretical value.

All matter in the universe comes from electromagnetic fluctuations at zero point. If this energy can be extracted at will, then humans will truly achieve energy freedom.

Because vacuum zero-point energy is truly pollution-free, cheap, and ubiquitous.

And vacuum zero-point energy is not completely illogical. It can at least be verified through cold nuclear fusion, and zero-point energy can even be extracted through some method.

In fact, in Yang Qing's view, the so-called zero-point energy and dark energy should be different ways of expressing certain matters.

Dark energy is actually some characteristics that appear when the ocean of vacuum energy rises.