Mediterranean Hegemony Road

1893 was a turbulent year. On January 17, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, Queen Lily Lili Uokalani, tried to amend the constitution, but the coup d'état was triggered. In this coup, Hawaii The kingdom was eventually overthrown.

It is worth mentioning that after the coup d'état, the US troops quickly landed in Hawaii, thus making this coup a success. After the coup, the queen was placed under house arrest at the Elani Palace, Hawaii's monarchy was replaced by a rebel provisional government, and Hawaii entered a republic period that eventually became part of the United States in 1898.

100 years after the coup, the U.S. Congress passed a Public International Law 103-105, also known as the "apology resolution," which publicly apologized for the U.S. government's involvement in supporting the coup in the Kingdom of Hawaii. This resolution was signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton on November 23, 1993.

The demise of the Kingdom of Hawaii marked that the United States was no longer willing to be lonely, set off a clarion call for expansion into the Pacific Ocean, and laid a hidden danger for future conflicts between the United States and Japan.

In 1893 the British announced the establishment of the "Nigerian Coastal Protectorate", the same year the French occupied the adjacent Dahomey region. The British "Royal Niger Company" and the French have clashed fiercely on the western border of Nigeria. In this Niger crisis, Britain and France almost went to war, and the conflict lasted until 1898, when the two countries signed an agreement to carve up West Africa.

In the same year, the Anglo-German crisis in South Africa broke out. In order to prevent the British from gaining the whole of South Africa and annexing the two Boer republics, in 1893 German capitalists, with the support of the government, built the railway from Pretoia to present-day Maputo.

The Boers Republic gained access to the Indian Ocean and got rid of the port dependence on the British. Germany controlled most of the Boers' trade, and the contradiction between Britain and Germany in South Africa intensified.

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These international events have little impact on Bulgaria in a short period of time, but it is very important to study international relations. Ferdinand maintained the good habit of collecting information, and copied a copy to the military and political elites, which helped them broaden their horizons.

In 1893, the economic crisis broke out, and the United States, as far away as the Pacific region, suffered this time. As the aftermath of over-investment in railways erupted, the railway bubble burst, triggering a full-scale economic crisis.

The American railroad crisis has attracted attention from all walks of life in Bulgaria. Bulgaria's large railway plan has also aroused widespread concern and panic in all sectors of society. In order to stabilize people's hearts, Ferdinand published and copied "seeking truth from facts" articles in major Bulgarian newspapers.

The article points out the causes and consequences of the American railroad crisis, and emphasizes that "repetitive construction and vicious competition" is the core of this crisis. Citing a wealth of evidence that the Bulgarian railway plan is feasible, it has been publicly announced that the government will not approve multiple railways on the same line, in order to avoid vicious competition.

1893 was a pivotal year for Bulgaria. On August 15, the first steel plant in Bulgaria, Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant, was officially put into operation, with a daily output of 525 tons of steel, including 105 tons of steel and 420 tons of iron. (Remarks: The maintenance and repair of the steel plant equipment in the 19th century took up a lot of time, and production cannot be guaranteed every day)

The start of production of Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen marks a new chapter in the Bulgarian heavy industry. The Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant was not only the largest steel plant in Bulgaria at that time, but also ranked among the top 30 in the world.

Thanks to the large railway plan in Bulgaria, the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant can produce as much as possible without worrying about sales in the short term.

Since Bulgaria lacks coking coal for steelmaking, it needs to be imported from Ukraine, which increases the cost of steel plants. Compared with the current steel prices in the international market, it is not competitive. However, the Bulgarian government still chooses to support domestic production.

In fact, as soon as the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen steel plant was put into operation, Ferdinand stopped importing steel from abroad, even if the steel was very cheap in the economic crisis. (After the outbreak of the economic crisis, international steel prices fell by a third)

Ferdinand is very clear about the importance of steel to a country. Even if the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant is not competitive in the short term, and even suffers losses, it must continue to do so.

Well, with the establishment of the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant, Ferdinand made another profit from middle school. The machinery factory that has been transformed into spare parts finally won a long-lost big order. Although the profit of the product is not huge, the equipment maintenance in the later period is the big deal. Anyway, now Bulgaria and even the entire Balkan region is the only one with this technical strength.

The newly established Royal Bank has ushered in its first business and found a market for its iron ore. Although it is supplied at the price of cabbage, there are additional conditions. The financial business of Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen was underwritten by Royal Bank, which is a good deal no matter how you look at it.

Recently, good news from Bulgaria has been coming one after another. The benefits of the "First Five-Year Plan" have been fully completed.

For example, the improvement of transportation has made the logistics cost of Bulgaria drop sharply, accelerated the transaction of commodities, and promoted the development of the economy. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, in the first half of 1893 compared with 1892, Bulgaria's economic growth rate was 13%.

Another example is the promotion of new agricultural technologies, the income of farmers has increased substantially, and there are not many recreational activities in rural areas in this era. After living well, the movement to create people will naturally begin, and new babies are born one after another. According to expert estimates, in 1893 Bulgaria had 185,000 to 191,000 newborn babies, and the birth rate continued to remain at a relatively high level of about 4.725% to 4.775%.

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In the midsummer of 1893, the sky in Sofia was extraordinarily hot.

On August 18th, facing the rising sun, Ferdinand hurriedly got into the carriage and hurried out the door, trying to escape the thick scorching sun.

Today is a big day. The first batch of Bulgarian college students is about to graduate. How can Ferdinand, the principal of the school, be absent?

Ferdinand is in a very unhappy mood now. God seems to be deliberately doing the right thing with him. Today's weather is extraordinarily hot, and it can be said to be the hottest day since the beginning of summer.

Although there were ice cubes made in the carriage to cool down, how could Ferdinand be a pleasure-seeker, thinking that the weather should not be hot in the morning, in order to show the spirit of sharing weal and woe with the soldiers, he decisively called people to evacuate before departure .

Then he regrets it now. The summer day really can't be managed with common sense. The weather that was fine before going out has suddenly become sultry. Ferdinand, who was about to cry without tears, is now swallowing his teeth, hoping to reach his destination sooner.

The journey did not change according to Ferdinand's expectations. It lasted for more than three hours before the team slowly entered the Bulgarian University. At this time, Ferdinand was sweating profusely.

After getting off the carriage, seeing the teachers and students waiting for a long time under the scorching sun, Ferdinand's mood improved a lot, and he was not alone. As for the soldiers who were decisively ignored by Ferdinand, compared with the usual training situation, rushing for a few hours under the hot sun was all pediatrics.

Under the warm welcome of all the teachers and students, Ferdinand stepped onto the podium and started a passionate speech under the thick scorching sun.

"Students and teachers, good morning everyone, I am very happy to meet you here today! You are all the elites of the country and the hope of the nation!

Today, we are here! Stand on the land of the Bulgarians! Stand in Sofia, the land that our ancestors watered with blood and dignity!

Open our history book, thousands of years, we have too much glorious history, it is worth going to the big book!

now what? ? ?

A small Balkan country! !

Some people may say that a lot of objective reasons will be found! !

Today I'm going to tell you, that's all bullshit! !

Why has Bulgaria weakened in modern times? ?

Simply put, there are more people talking and fewer people doing things! ! ! A big rhetoric theoretician, in fact, his contribution to this country is not as good as that of an ordinary worker and a hard-working peasant! !

In modern times, some people of insight have all turned to European powers to find a way to become a powerful country. But I want to say, they are all wrong! !

The reason that restricts the strength of Bulgaria is very simple, it is not the idea, nor the system! ! In fact, we all know that there are only two core issues: one is resources; the other is population!

Throughout the world's major powers, without exception, have these two conditions! ! Many people are afraid to face this problem, why? ? ?

Are they incompetent? ? Didn't find these problems? ? of course not! ! !

"Empty talk will mislead the country, hard work will rejuvenate the country", don't have any hope for a group of talkers! ! They are not what this country wants, you are! !

Behind us are the four million Bulgarians whose hard work has nurtured us! !

What for? ?

dignity! Dignity to live alone! !

To be among the nations of the world, we can proudly say: Bulgaria has risen! !

Find the problem, face the problem, find a way to solve the problem! ! ! A country does not become strong overnight. We can't do it in ten years, so what about twenty years? ? Still no, it doesn't matter, we can continue to work hard, fifty years later, one hundred years later, one day we can complete the great rejuvenation of the country and the nation..."