Daming: A critical literary hero, a hundred officials kneeling and begging not to write

“When did money appear?”

“When did copper and gold and silver become mainstream currencies?”

“Why not pearl jade?”

“And why is the treasure banknote, or paper money, the future direction of social development, and nothing else?”

“And listen to me slowly.”

“All of this starts with the source of money.”

Zhu Biao hurriedly said, “Brother Chen, wait a minute. ”

He quickly ran to the door and beckoned a guy: “Bring some paper and pen, hurry up!” ”

“Do you want a superior millipen?”

“No matter what, just be able to write!”

“Yes!”

The shop Xiaoer quickly brought them paper and pens, and Song Lian and Ouyang Shao also took some by themselves, concentrating.

It’s like studying and attending lectures back then.

Chen Yong smiled a little and said seriously: “If you want to talk about the emergence of currency, we have to go back to the distant era of Xia Shangzhou and so on. ”

“The old saying goes: The ancients are shells and turtles, and there are springs in the week, and even the Qin waste shells travel money.”

“What does that mean?”

“In ancient times, shells were used to buy and sell goods, and turtle shells were used to buy and sell treasures.”

“This is the earliest currency.”

“Therefore, most of the texts related to goods are next to shell characters.”

“Shells and turtle shells are used by fishing peoples; Safari peoples use deerskin. ”

“When society reached the age of agriculture, millet was commonly used.”

“There is a saying in the Book of Poetry: Hold the grain and give out the fortune.”

“Take the corn out for divination!”

“As for the pearl jade, gold and silver, copper, etc. that are common now, because of the low productivity, mining and production are not very convenient, so they are all noble supplies, and the transaction has little to do with it!”

“Copper coins appeared in the Zhou Dynasty, and it was only in the Qin Dynasty that shells and other things were completely abolished.”

“This shows one thing, the minting of copper coins should start from the Western Zhou Dynasty.”

“This coincides with what is recorded in the history books!”

“Qi State, Guan Zhong created the Nine Provinces Huanfa.”

“Linzi City rubbed shoulders one after another, sweated like rain, and Guan Zhong adopted a series of correct policies, the prosperity of the Qi country continued to rise, and the economic situation was indeed the best among the countries.”

“It is only natural to be the first to popularize copper coins!”

“This also shows the second thing, copper money is also gradually popularized, not just appeared to become the people’s recognized currency!”

“From this, it can also be concluded that the promotion of any thing is gradually formed, and it cannot be achieved overnight.”

“As long as you understand this law of nature, things will be much easier to understand after that.”

“Because of the poor production conditions, even if the Qin Dynasty abolished 500 shells, copper coins are relatively valuable items.”

“The Hanshu Food Goods Chronicle says that the price of rice at that time was only 80 liters per stone of twenty texts.”

“It seems to be five times cheaper than it is now.”

“Some officials use this to prove the prosperity of the cultural scene, but in my opinion, there should be a reason for the high money at that time!”

“It’s not all because of the rice cheapness.”

“Officials do not understand the grand view of history, so they cannot see the gradual development of copper money in the long river of history.”

“What is the difference between thinking that the Han Dynasty five baht and the contemporary Hongwu Tongbao are both copper coins?”

“That’s why I did this kind of thing of carving a boat and asking for a sword!”

Zhu Biao and Song Lian glanced at each other, and suddenly realized!

It turns out that this kind of thing is hidden in the history books, and there are different reasons for the prosperity of the literary scene, and they did not find it at all when they read history!

Brother Chen is still as profound as ever, and his understanding of the problem is intriguing!

Chen Yong took a cup of tea and moistened his throat, seeing that the teacup was empty, Ouyang Shao hurriedly filled it for him, his eyes looked straight at it, and he didn’t dare to miss a word.

“There is also a place to prove that Zhang Cang went out to buy meat in the historical record, but he still went to the grain and returned with meat.”

“Mencius asked Xiangguo, where did Xu Xing’s clothing equipment come from?”

“Chen Xiang said: It’s all about changing with corn.”

“Therefore, because of the high price, the sporadic transactions at the beginning do not use copper money.”

“The use of copper money is definitely not as common as it is now!”

“Therefore, although the value of Han Wubaht and Hongwu Tongbao is all copper coins, the values are completely different.”

“In addition, regarding the weight of the copper coin, there have also been several iterations, and Qin Dynasty paid half a tael.”

“The Great Han Dynasty established, thinking that Qin money was too heavy and difficult to use, and minted a kind of pod money.”

“It’s a pity that the people are already accustomed to Qin Banliang, and they dislike that the pod money is too light, so the Great Han resumed casting half taels again the next year, which is also eight plant money!”

“In the sixth year of Emperor Wen, the emperor ordered that four coins be minted, but he used deceptive methods and still wrote half two characters on the copper coins.”

“I hope the people accept it.”

“But the people did not buy it, prices soared, and the country’s economy began to decline.”

“In the era of Emperor Wudi of Han, all the power to mint copper coins was transferred to the imperial court, and only then did the five-baht money be uniformly minted.”

“Five baht has become the currency commonly used in the world, and since then the monetary system has tended to be stable, although there is Wang Mang’s random reform, but it has also passed.”

“After Emperor Guangwu ascended the throne, he restored the five-baht money again.”

“Since Dong Zhuo acted perversely, the world’s money law has collapsed again!”

“There are many misbehavers in the Wei and Jin dynasties, and if you sing about our appearance, even politics is a mess, let alone rectify the currency system.”

“Those people in their homeland do not understand how much economic money is beneficial to the people, but they always use bad money to loot the people’s wealth!”

“Among them, the worst is the goose’s eye of the Southern Dynasty, which does not sink into the water, destroys it at will, and almost brazenly robs the world of wealth!”

“There is a way: the general trend of the world, divided for a long time, will be united, and a long time will be divided.”

“Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the four seas have been reunited, the Tang Dynasty has minted the opening of the Yuan Tongbao, and the coin system has returned to unification again.”

“At that time, I said that Tang Taizong pushed history one step forward, and there was no reason to reunify the currency system.”

“The economy of the Tang Dynasty also prospered from this, and thus prospered.”

Chen Yong took another sip of tea, but at this time he only felt more and more thirsty, so he almost removed the tea leaves and directly got some water.

Ouyang Shao and Song Lian have been thinking about the general trend of the world, and they are amazed in their hearts.

It turns out that not only politics is splitting and unifying, but even the economy and copper money are constantly splitting and unifying!

High!

It’s really high!

Chen Yong said: “The development of copper money has been said, but with the development of productive forces and economic prosperity, the shortcomings of copper money as currency have gradually been exposed. ”

“First, private casting and selling absolutely cannot be prohibited!”

“The second is the lack and use of money.”

“As the economy progresses, trade will inevitably prosper.”

“If there are many transactions, there are naturally more intermediate chips needed.”

“But copper is a natural product, and the quantity is extinct and will not increase suddenly.”

“It’s natural.”

“From the human side, successive generations of politicians, even Shang Martin, Liu Yan, and Yang Yan have never really paid attention to whether the people’s currency is sufficient, but try to adjust it.”

“So money often feels inadequate.”

“Such phenomena are still the same in the Tang Dynasty, and even more prominent because of economic prosperity!”

“In the twenty-second year of Emperor Xuanzong’s first century, he personally issued an edict ordering Zhuangzhai to trade horses and horses, and first use silk cloth and silk cotton and other things.”

“The rest of the city buys, and more than a thousand dollars also use this thing.”

“In this era, due to the shortage of copper money, paper money came into being.”

“The predecessor of paper money, the name is flying money.”

“Tang Shu Food and Goods Record: In the third year of Emperor Dezong’s reign, merchants and masters in Beijing could store money in the homes of the rich people of the Jinquan Academy and the various armies and festivals, go to the four directions in light clothing, and then take it by combining coupons.”

“You can also hear that this is the current exchange business, and its emergence is to solve the problem that copper money is too heavy and inconvenient to transport!”

“But paper money does come from this!”

“The “Literature Examination” records in detail the Song Dynasty’s Sichuan Jiaozi, and the former Song Dynasty used iron money to make up for the lack of copper money, and the Shu people thought that iron money was too heavy, so they privately made a coupon, the name of which was called Jiaozi, to facilitate trade.” (Read violent novels, just go to Feilu Fiction Network!) ）

“Choose sixteen families of rich and noble families as guarantees.”

“But later, the rich people went bankrupt and declined, and they could not exchange the face value of Jiaozi, and after several disputes, Shu Commandery Taishou proposed to abolish Jiaozi.”

“But Xue Tian, as a transshipment envoy, can clearly see the convenience of jiaozi, and the imperial court said that the abolition of jiaozi and the inconvenience of trade, asked the official office to make affairs, and forbade the people to build privately!”

“The emperor decreed that he was invited to establish a jiaozi office in Yizhou.”

“One hand is a thread, three years is a boundary, and then destroyed and reissued.”

“In the past three years, the people have traded with jiaozi, and they have the effect of money, which can be called paper money.”

“However, the reason for its emergence was the inconvenience of trade due to the abolition of diplomatic relations, and at first it was difficult to carry it, so as to save money.”

“The real intention is no different from flying money.”

“Jiaozi is the official Yamen, and then Jiaozi becomes a banknote issued by the government.”

“He didn’t happen overnight, he didn’t just appear and spread throughout the country.”

“Later, it was done in Shaanxi.”

“During the reign of Emperor Huizong Chongning, Cai Jing implemented it with all parts of the world.”

“At that meeting, only Fujian, Zhejiang and Lake will not be able to do anything, and the area of passage can already be said to be quite extensive!”

“This kind of banknote is still an exchange interest, and there must be cash that can be exchanged, and then there is credit.”

“One thing, there are naturally advantages and disadvantages!”

“After the production of paper money, there was already a problem of indiscriminate hair during the Huizong period, and a wisp was only worth tens of dollars!”

“During the reign of Emperor Gaozong and Shaoxing, he changed his name to Huizi, and later changed his name to Guanzi, no matter what, everything does not depart from his sect.”

“It’s just that the Southern Song Dynasty is much better than the Northern Song Dynasty.”

“Duzong Xianchun checked in four years, when the Song Dynasty was about to die, the actual value of Guanzi, compared with the face value, was only seven or seven percent off.”

“This is already much better!”

Hearing this, Zhu Biao’s right hand holding the brush was also a little embarrassed, the Daming treasure banknote has only been issued for five years, and the price has dropped a lot

Although the former Song Dynasty has a variety of pockets, together with the economy, there is still a lot to offer.

Chen Yong continued: “The paper money of the Jin Dynasty began in the second year of King Zhenyuan of Hailing, and it was consistent, two, three, five, ten as large banknotes, and one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, five hundred as small banknotes. ”

“At that time, the imperial court minister played up, saying that it was because of the lack of copper in the world, and it was only temporary.”

“But it was a difficult thing to open a mine, not to mention the great prosperity of Buddhism during the Hailing King’s period, which also occupied a lot of copper mines.”

“Second, although there was a Yamen for minting money at that time, in order to completely overthrow the Song Dynasty, new money was minted while constantly destroying old money.”

“Third, since the money and banknotes are parallel, the people are afraid of the depreciation of the banknotes, and they will inevitably collect the cash, and the newly built money will disappear from the market in an instant.”

“Therefore, the number of copper coins will never be enough, so paper money will also last, which is definitely not a stopgap measure.”

“The banknote law of the Jin Dynasty is much worse than that of the former Song Dynasty.”

“Yamen takes the production of banknotes as a profit, and collecting money as a taboo, such a depreciation is inevitable!”

“It’s just that after only fourteen years, Hedong Xuanfu Si Zhuo, each treasure banknote, is only worth a penny!”

“After Mengyuan unified Jiangshan and then issued treasure banknotes, but then there were also the disadvantages of indiscriminate issuance, and so on until the establishment of Daming.”

“In the seventh year of Hongwu, due to the shortage of copper coins, he began to issue Daming treasure banknotes.”

Zhu Biao felt that although Chen Yong was talking about the history of the previous dynasty, there was no difference between it and the blunt accusation of Daming.

After all…

The mistakes committed by the Jin Dynasty and Meng Yuan, Daming can all commit…

Chen Yong looked around and asked, “Do you have any doubts now?” ”

Doubt?

“Action gives birth to difficulties, difficulties give rise to doubts, questions give birth to hypotheses, hypotheses give birth to experiments, experiments give birth to judgments, and assertions give rise to actions, so when evolution and infinity~”

“This is the essence of practical learning.”

“But if you can’t even find a problem, let alone anything else!”

Issue…

Zhu Biao and Ouyang Shao had an epiphany at the same time, and hurriedly said: “Now Daming is a parallel silver two and copper money and treasure banknotes. ”

“But Brother Chen has already talked about it now, why are there only copper money and treasure banknotes?”

“Where did the silver two go?”

“That’s the biggest problem, I said so much and didn’t involve the silver two, where did the silver two go?”

“Why?”

“But the objective problem has not disappeared with the collapse of the banknote law, and copper money is still not enough, it is still too heavy and difficult to practice.”

“Therefore, at this time, something was urgently needed to replace the broken banknotes, so the silver two that had been neglected took advantage of the momentum!”

“That’s when there’s a problem again!”

“Why is it that gold and silver are replaced by paper money, not pearls and jade?”

“More specifically, why silver taels and not gold?”

“Brother Wang, when you went to sea to settle, you gave me hundreds of thousands of taels of silver, not tens of thousands of taels of gold!”

“Why?”

“Have you thought about these questions?”

“This…” Song Lian bowed his head slightly, “It’s really ashamed to say.” ”

Didn’t expect it at all.

“Every thing that seems simple and has been etched into my memory today may contain a deep pattern.”

“Discovering and mastering these laws of nature, and inferring the future from them, is the real role of the grand view of history!”

Zhu Biao hurriedly got up and saluted respectfully: “I remember it.” ”

(I don’t know if there is any in the history books in this chapter, not necessarily)

(Because I’m not from the history department)

(But what this chapter says is definitely fine, and it can be written as an answer).

Người mua: Đạo Đức Kinh Thiên