1855 United States Tycoon

"Well, you are right. But it is not easy to design such an experiment." Maxwell said, "Do you think this problem is related to a feature of the ether that we don't know yet?"

After people discovered the volatility of light, they began to consider what is the medium that propagates this wave. People named this unknown medium "Ether". But later, when the light wave was proved to be a transverse wave, and the speed of light was as high as 300,000 kilometers per second, theoretically, the ether became more and more weird. Because it needs to propagate such a high-speed wave, it needs to be many times harder than Vajra stone, but we usually Life is surrounded by ether, but we have never felt bound by such a hard thing. So scientists began to imagine what special characteristics this medium called ether needs to have, and how to find it through experiments. Throughout the late stage of the nineteenth century, by the early twentieth century, a large number of outstanding physicists spent a lot of energy on studying the ether.

When Scrooge studied physics, because of the influence of the theory of relativity, ether and other things were thrown into the garbage. Therefore, Scrooge's understanding of "ether" is much worse. And he also feels that it is far from the time when things like relativity come out, and the experimental foundation of physics is not enough to support it. At the same time, bringing out such advanced things will not bring more. profit. To gain fame, the Maxwell-McDonald equation is enough. As for the fact that a large number of physicists are going to turn around in the wrong direction, what's the matter with Scrooge?

"Ah, Mr. Maxwell, you know, I am not a pure scientist. Seriously, I don’t know much about the ether. I’m afraid it’s hard to make meaningful suggestions. And I’m full of ideas now. Confirm the existence of electromagnetic waves and use it in Life." Scrooge said with a sincere appearance.

Compared with the authentic scientists, Scrooge pays more attention to application. Maxwell also knows this characteristic. So he didn't say much. Instead, he discussed with Scrooge how to design an experiment to prove the existence of electromagnetic waves.

The slow "Luxury Express" traveled for a full twenty-eight hours to reach Cleveland. Scrooge felt that this trip was almost the hardest trip in his life, and it was even more difficult than the last trip to Britain in the wind and waves on a flying shears. Because along the way, you must continue to discuss the headaches with Maxwell. Most of the questions Maxwell raised to discuss were tricky and difficult. In addition, this guy is endlessly discussing, and almost completely ignores other people's tolerance. That feeling is like facing the high math test continuously. Scrooge felt that Own’s head was congested and swollen. He even doubted that if this discussion continues, Own’s head will burst open with a bang, red and white scattered all over the car (to the headshot crazy demon) Lucian salute).

Fortunately, there was Anna next to her. She keenly discovered that Scrooge was almost unable to hold it, so she kept interrupting them with various reasons. In the end, she faked the imperial decree and claimed that Mr. MacDonald was old. See Scrooge if you are in a hurry. Finally, Scrooge was rescued from the tiger's mouth.

"Thank you so much, Anna." Scrooge patted his chest without grace. "Mr. Maxwell is terrible. No, I have to find a place to hide. Don't let Mr. Maxwell find me at night. . Otherwise, I really can’t live anymore. Well, Anna, help me to lie down in your box first. I don’t need to call me for dinner. I really need to take a good rest."

"Mr. MacDonald, get up for dinner!" A small hand gently pushed Scrooge's arm. Scrooge opened his eyes and saw that Anna was sitting on the side of the bed, and there was a tray on the side table, which was probably delicious.

"Ah, what time is it now?" Scrooge took Anna's hand and sat up. He noticed that candles had been lit in the carriage.

"It's half past seven. Are you hungry? Get up and eat." Anna smiled gently.

"Mr. Maxwell didn't look for me?" Scrooge asked with some lingering fear.

"Mr. Maxwell asked about you. I said you still have a lot of things to do about university preparations. So he didn't look for you anymore." Anna looked at Scrooge's appearance, suppressed her smile, and lowered her head. Replied.

"Great!" Scrooge cheered, and he hugged Anna, "Thank you, Anna! Thank you!"

Anna struggled slightly, but couldn't get away-Scrooge held her tightly. So she said in a low voice, "Hurry up and eat, it's going to be cold!"

After eating, Anna quietly packed the tableware and brought it out. After a while, she returned to the own box and saw Scrooge still leaning on the bed in the box. So she walked over, sat next to Scrooge, and stretched out her hand to stroke Scrooge's hair: "Is it better? Is it still tired?"

"It's all well after a good night's sleep." Scrooge stretched out his hand and stroked Anna's hand and said with a smile.

"Then if I send you back, Mr. Maxwell shouldn't bother you again." Anna looked at Scrooge, her eyes flashed with the candlelight under the yellowish halo of the candle.

"I'm not going, I'm not afraid of ten thousand, just in case. I will stay here tonight." Scrooge muttered, like a child.

"How can it work? Old Mr. MacDonald lives in the box over there." Anna said.

"Don't be afraid, when my dad sleeps, he can't wake up from thunder." Scrooge said, "My dad snores so loudly that my mom can sleep. It's okay."

"This...this doesn't..." Anna hesitated very much. But Scrooge didn't give her any more time to hesitate. He grabbed his hand, pulled it, Anna let out a soft cry, and fell into his arms.

"Candles...candles..." Anna yelled hurriedly and in a low voice...

At noon the next day, the train arrived at Cleveland Station. The group got off the train and then changed into a carriage. It took another two hours to finally arrive at the destination of the trip-the University of Cleveland.

The University of Cleveland is built on a hill near Lake Erie. Along the slowly undulating hills, various school buildings are strewn around. There are classrooms, libraries, restaurants, dormitories, and Maxwell’s most concern. Big laboratory.

Most of the scholars who followed went to two places, some went to the library, and some went to the laboratory. But everyone is quite satisfied with the university which is still under construction. Especially Maxwell, after seeing the previously difficult-to-find equipment in the big laboratory, he couldn't wait to let his assistants work with him to complete some of the previous backlogs of experiments.

Scrooge also has an experiment ready to be completed here. In fact, Scrooge himself had done this experiment a long time ago, and now he just wants to take advantage of the opportunity that Maxwell and others have come to throw it out. As a result, Cleveland University has not officially opened yet, it has achieved epoch-making results, which will inevitably greatly enhance the reputation of this university. Secondly, with this experiment as the foundation, it won't take long before he can justify making money from radio communications.

This experiment is the famous Hertz experiment. In the original history, Hertz designed an electromagnetic wave generator based on the principle that a capacitor would oscillate through an electric spark gap. He connected the two ends of an induction coil to the two copper rods of the generator. When the current of the induction coil is suddenly interrupted, it induces a high voltage to generate sparks between the spark gaps. After an instant, the electric charge oscillates between the zinc plates through the spark gap, with a frequency of up to millions of cycles. According to Maxwell's theory, this spark should produce electromagnetic waves, so Hertz designed a simple detector to detect this electromagnetic wave. He bends a small piece of wire into a circle, leaving a small spark gap between the two ends of the wire. Because electromagnetic waves should induce voltage on this small coil, sparks are generated in the spark gap. So he sat in a dark room with the geophone 10 meters away from the oscillator, and he found that there was indeed a small spark between the spark gap of the geophone. Hertz covered the wall at the far end of the dark room with a zinc plate that could reflect radio waves. The incident wave and the reflected wave should overlap to produce a standing wave. He also confirmed it by detecting the detector at different distances from the oscillator. Hertz first finds the frequency of the oscillator, and then uses the detector to measure the wavelength of the standing wave. The product of the two is the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave. As Maxwell predicted. The speed of electromagnetic wave propagation is equal to the speed of light.

Now, what Scrooge has to do is to replicate this experiment. This experiment does not require high equipment. In the original history, when Hertz completed this experiment, the experimental equipment used was even made by himself.

Scrooge told Maxwell that after thinking about it last night (Anna looked at Scrooge's nonsense and almost laughed, she blushed afterwards without knowing what she remembered). Come up with an experimental program that can be used to prove the existence of electromagnetic waves. He discussed the plan stolen from Hertz afterwards with Maxwell, and Maxwell immediately understood his thinking and couldn't help but praise him as a genius from the bottom of his heart.

By the next day, the experimental equipment was also ready. Two people started the first scientific experiment in this laboratory in the big laboratory. The result of the experiment perfectly proved what was deduced from the Maxwell-McDonald formula: the existence of electromagnetic waves has been proved, and the speed of electromagnetic waves equal to the speed of light has also been proved.

Maxwell wrote the results of the past few days into a paper called "Dynamic Theory of Electromagnetic Fields". After checking it with Scrooge, he wrote two names in the position of the author of the paper: James Clark Maxwell , Scrooge McDonald.

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